Collocations with examples

 Collocations are conventional word combinations occur in unpredictable ways which are used in a language. Strong is a word which is often used with tea, but it is not usually used with rain. We often use the phrase strong tea, but we do not say strong rain. Instead we say “heavy rain”. Such combinations in a language are known as collocations. 

some commonly used collocations are as follows

fast food

 fell in love,
pay attention 

got married
have a break

 right now 
have fun

 take a break

keep in touch

 come to an end

run out of time

 make profit

come to the point

go bankrupt

bear in mind

feeble attempt

formidable opponent

raise your hand 

 

Worksheet:

Match the words on the left with those they often collocate with on the right.

 

 

 

Answers:

 

Make a phone call

do the shopping

 pay attention

potential methodology 

apparent discrepancy 

rigorous problem

principal cause

salient features

 

What is an Adjunct?

 

Adjuncts are words, phrases or clauses that accompany an Intransitive verb which answer the question where, how and when the action took place. For example, in the sentence “ He spoke last night”, “last night” is a phrase which answers the question when. Similarly in the sentence, “He spoke at the seminar”, “at the seminar” is the answer to the question where. In the sentence, “He spoke uneasily”, the word uneasily answers the question how.
Even if adjunct part of the sentence is removed it does not affect the other words in the sentence.

Transitive and Intransitive verbs

 

 Transitive verbs demand an object to receive the action, an object can be a noun, phrase, or pronoun that refers to the person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb.

In the following sentences, admire, maintain, face, and love are transitive verbs:

I admire your courage.

We need to maintain product quality.

I couldn’t face him today.

She loves animals.

 

In order to identify a verb either transitive or intransitive , it’s first necessary to understand what the object of a verb is.
Take a look at these two simple sentences:

My mother likes tea.
My mother laughed.

‘My mother’ is the subject in both sentences. In the first sentence ‘like’ is the verb and ‘tea’ is its object. ‘Like’ is therefore a transitive verb, because it has an object.
In the second sentence, the verb is ‘laugh’. It has no object and is therefore an intransitive verb.

 

Here are some more examples of transitive verbs

The girls carry water to their village.

Juan threw the ball.

She loves rainbows.

Lila conveyed the message.

The man stole a bike.

I am looking for my passport

 

Intransitive verbs

We arrived around midday.

She sneezed loudly.

We waited but nobody came.

He stood in the corner.

 

Monotransivive and Ditransitive Verbs

A Ditransitive Verb is one that takes both a direct object and an indirect object. E.g.: He gave her the letter. ('The letter' is the direct object, what he gave, and 'her' is the indirect object, the person he gave it to. This sentence can also be written 'He gave the letter to her'.)

Following are the ditransitive verbs

she wrote her friend a letter.

I gave him some water

We sold them our house

My sister cooked us food

SPECTRUM model question paper, Fourth Semester Common Course in English (Calicut University)

 

 FOURTH SEMESTER BA DEGREE EXAMINATION 2021

SPECTRUM:Literature and Contemporary Issues- ENG4 A06

2019 admission on wards

I. Answer the following question in two or three sentences.(2 marks each) - Ceiling 25

1. What was Don Quixote's explanation for wandering around in armour during peacetime?

2. How did Viswanathan repay seven thousand rupees to the bank?

3. Why did Mariam think that the visitor was an angel?

4. How does the poet describe the current status of turmeric?

5. How about the ending of 'What work is' ?

6. When is prison a safer place?

7. Why was Fathima thrilled to marry Najab?

8. Explain: "their hands are ours"?

9. Comment on the symbolism of the 'black milk of daybreak'?

10. What similarities did the narrator notice about the two boys?

11. In what condition does the poet see the dogs and the horses in the street ?

12. What was the reason for Bet's early marriage?

13. Why does Emmanulle call herself a 'perceptive seagull'?

14. who did Malala learn compassion from?

15. Identify the figure of speech 'Beneath all uniforms, a single body breathes'?

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph (5 marks) - Ceiling -35

16. How do you explain the metaphor 'The Big Fish'?

17. Alex Punnoose's account of suicide in kerala?

18. How does the new visitor tempt Alassan to accept his proposal?

19. Turmeric as a text about resistance, substantiate?

20. The drought of Ran of Kutch and its climax?

21. Comment about the universal humanism in the poem 'No Men are Foreign'?

22. Elements of surrealism in the Death Fugue?

23. Representation of mental illness in 'Average Waves in Unprotected Waters' ?

III. Answer any two of the following (2 * 10 = 20)

24. Santhosh Echikkanam portrays an unsympathetic society in "Comala". Explain?

25. Examine the poem "Home" as a powerful critique of the refugee crisis?

26. Do you consider "The Cry of the Gull" as a disability narrative? Why?

27. How does Malala vindicate the rights of children for education?

Literary Criticism Model Question Paper (Calicut University Fourth Semester BA English)

 FOURTH SEMESTER BA DEGREE EXAMINATION 2021

LITERARY CRITICISM- ENG4 B06

2019 admission on wards

I. Answer the following question in two or three sentences. (2 marks each) - Ceiling 25

1. Differentiate Anagnorisis and Peripetia?

2. When does poetic utterances contain profound truth according to Plato?

3. what are the four kinds of meaning according to I.A Richard?

4. How does Dryden defines satire?

5. What is Vakrokti?

6. What is Touchstone method?

7. concept of criticism according to F.R Leavis?

8. Differentiate Fancy and Imagination?

9. Explain Literariness?

10. Definition of poetry according to Wordsworth?

11. Concept of culture according to Matthew Arnold?

12. What are the three functions of word, according to Anandavardhana?

13. What is objective correlative?

14. Differentiate Irony and Paradox?

15. What is historical sense?

II. Answer the following questions in a paragraph (5 marks) - Ceiling -35

16. Explain the five sources of sublimity?

17. Rasa theory?

18. Negative Capability?

19. Explain the terms in Formalism?

20. Plato's attacks against poetry?

21. Dr.Johnson as a critic?

22. Archetypal criticism?

23. Impersonality Theory of poetry?

III. Answer any two of the following (2 * 10 = 20)

24. Contributions of Wordsworth and Coleridge in the field of literary criticism?

25. explain New Criticism?

26. Evaluate Aristotle as Critic?

27. Explain any two literary movements?