Present Perfect Tense:
Functions:
1. Completed Actions with Relevance to the Present:
Example: I have visited that museum before.
Example: She has already eaten lunch.
2. Experience in Life:
Example: They have traveled to several countries.
3. Unspecified Time in the Past:
Example: He has read that book.
Example: We have seen that movie.
4. Multiple Actions at Different Times:
Example: I have written three articles and edited two.
Example: She has cooked various dishes this week.
5. Recently Completed Actions:
Example: I have just finished my homework.
Example: They have recently moved to a new city.
6. Changes Over Time:
Example: The weather has become colder.
Example: His English has improved significantly.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense:
Functions
1. Continuous Actions Started in the Past and Continuing to the Present:
I have been working on this project for two hours.
He has been waiting for you since morning.
2. Emphasizing Duration of the past an Action:
Example: She has been jogging for 30 minutes.
Example: They have been renovating their house for weeks.
3. Repetitive or Annoying Actions:
Example: The neighbors have been playing loud music all night.
Example: I can't concentrate; someone has been talking loudly in the library.
4. Expressions of Time with "For" and "Since":
Example: She has been studying for two weeks.
Example: I have been learning Spanish since last year.
5. Actions Leading to a Current State:
Example: I'm out of breath; I've been running.
Example: Why is your hair wet? Have you been swimming?
6. Describing Ongoing Events in connection with something happened in the past:
Example: I can't join you right now; I've been working all morning.
Example: Sorry, I'm late; I've been stuck in traffic.
Exercise 1:
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in either present perfect or present perfect continuous tense.
- I __________ (study) for this exam for three hours.
- She __________ (never/eat) Biriyani before.
- We __________ (visit) several countries.
- He __________ (work) at the company since 2010.
- They __________ (play) tennis for two hours.
- My sister __________ (read)
that book already.
Answers:
- have been studying
- has never eaten
- have visited
- has worked
- have been playing
- has read
Exercise 2:
Create a sentence that includes both present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses to describe a sequence of events.
Example:
- I __________ (read) three chapters of the book, and then I __________ (write) a summary.
Answer:
- I have read three chapters of the book, and then I have been writing a summary.
Exercise 3:
Describe a personal experience using both present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in different sentences.
Example:
- I __________ (travel) to Europe.
- Lately, I __________ (work) on improving my language skills.
Answers:
- I have traveled to Europe.
- Lately, I have been working on improving my language skills.
Exercise 4:
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb in either present perfect or present perfect continuous tense.
- She __________ (live) in this city for five years.
- They __________ (study) for their exams all week.
- It __________ (rain) since yesterday.
- I __________ (not/see) that movie yet.
- How long __________ you __________ (wait) for me?
Answers:
- has lived
- have been studying
- has been raining
- have not seen
- have, been waiting