Active to passive conversion

 🔹 Simple Present Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + V₁ + Object

Passive: Object + is/am/are + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. He writes a letter. → A letter is written by him.

2. They make cakes. → Cakes are made by them.

3. I help my friend. → My friend is helped by me.

🔹 Present Continuous Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + is/am/are + V₁-ing + Object

Passive: Object + is/am/are + being + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. She is reading a story. → A story is being read by her.

2. They are watching the movie. → The movie is being watched by them.

3. I am cleaning the room. → The room is being cleaned by me.

🔹 Present Perfect Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + has/have + V₃ + Object

Passive: Object + has/have + been + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. He has completed the work. → The work has been completed by him.

2. They have finished the project. → The project has been finished by them.

3. I have written a letter. → A letter has been written by me.

🔹 Simple Past Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + V₂ + Object

Passive: Object + was/were + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. He wrote a poem. → A poem was written by him.

2. They built a house. → A house was built by them.

3. She cleaned the room. → The room was cleaned by her.

🔹 Past Continuous Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + was/were + V₁-ing + Object

Passive: Object + was/were + being + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. He was repairing the car. → The car was being repaired by him.

2. They were watching TV. → TV was being watched by them.

3. She was writing a letter. → A letter was being written by her.

🔹 Past Perfect Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + had + V₃ + Object

Passive: Object + had + been + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. He had completed the work. → The work had been completed by him.

2. They had won the match. → The match had been won by them.

3. She had cooked dinner. → Dinner had been cooked by her.

🔹 Simple Future Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + will/shall + V₁ + Object

Passive: Object + will/shall + be + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. He will finish the work. → The work will be finished by him.

2. They will build a bridge. → A bridge will be built by them.

3. I shall write a story. → A story shall be written by me.

🔹 Future Perfect Tense

Structure:

Active: Subject + will/shall + have + V₃ + Object

Passive: Object + will/shall + have been + V₃ + by + Subject

Examples:

1. He will have completed the work. → The work will have been completed by him.

2. They will have finished the task. → The task will have been finished by them.

3. I shall have written the letter. → The letter shall have been written by me.